Evolution of internet - Protocols - Server

 

Evolution of internet

Introduction :

The evolution of the internet has been a long and complex process. The internet began as a small network of computers in the late 1960s and early 1970s. This network was used primarily by the military and government agencies for communication and research.

In the 1980s, the internet began to expand and become more accessible to the public. The first commercial internet service provider (ISP) was established in 1989, and the World Wide Web was created in 1991. This allowed people to access

Some popular ISPs that offer Internet service in the United States :

include AT&T, Comcast, Cox, Verizon, and CenturyLink.

The World Wide Web (WWW) :

The World Wide Web (WWW) is a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. It is a service that millions of people around the world use every day to find information, communicate with others, and purchase products and services. The World Wide Web was invented by Tim Berners-Lee in 1989.

Internet protocols :

Internet protocols are the set of rules and standards that govern how computers communicate over the Internet. They define how data is formatted, addressed, transmitted, routed, and received. Examples of Internet protocols include TCP/IP, HTTP, FTP, SMTP, and POP3.

TCP/IP :

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is a suite of communication protocols used to interconnect network devices on the internet. It is the foundation of modern internet communication, allowing devices to communicate and share data over the internet. TCP/IP is a set of rules that govern how computers exchange information with each other. It defines how data is formatted, addressed, transmitted, routed, and received. It also defines the protocols used for communication between computers, such as HTTP,

http :

The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application-level protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems. It is a generic, stateless, protocol which can be used for many tasks beyond its use for hypertext, such as name servers and distributed object management systems, through extension of its request methods, error codes and headers. A feature of HTTP is the typing and negotiation of data representation, allowing systems to be built independently of the data being transferred.

ftp :

The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used for the transfer of computer files between a client and server on a computer network. FTP is built on a client-server architecture and uses separate control and data connections between the client and the server.

Smtp :

The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is a communication protocol for electronic mail transmission. As an Internet standard, SMTP was first defined in 1982 by RFC 821, and updated in 2008 by RFC 5321 to Extended SMTP additions, which is the protocol variety in widespread use today. SMTP by default uses TCP port 25.

Pop3 :

The Post Office Protocol (POP) is an application-layer Internet standard protocol used by local e-mail clients to retrieve e-mail from a remote server over a TCP/IP connection. POP3 is the most recent version of the protocol, and is supported by most modern e-mail clients. It allows a user to download e-mail from a remote server to a local client, and optionally to delete the e-mail from the server after it has been downloaded.

Ports of different protocols :

A protocol is a set of rules that govern how two or more entities communicate with each other. Different protocols are used for different types of communication. Examples of protocols include:

 • HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): Used for web browsing and web services.  Port 8080

• FTP (File Transfer Protocol): Used for transferring files between computers. Port 21 and 23

• SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): Used for sending and receiving emails. Port 25

• SSH (Secure Shell): Used for secure remote. Port 22

P2P :

P2P (peer-to-peer) is a type of network in which each computer in the network can act as both a client and a server. This means that each computer can both request and provide services to other computers in the network. P2P networks are decentralized, meaning there is no central server or authority that controls the network. Instead, each computer in the network is connected to each other, allowing them to share resources and information.

Dsn server :

A DNS server is a computer server that contains a database of public IP addresses and their associated hostnames, and in most cases serves to resolve, or translate, those names to IP addresses as requested. DNS servers run special software and communicate with each other using special protocols.

Web server :

A web server is a computer system that hosts websites and provides content to users over the internet. It stores, processes, and delivers web pages to users who request them. Web servers are typically connected to the internet and serve content to users through a web browser.

Proxy :

A proxy is a server or computer system that acts as an intermediary between two other systems. It can be used to provide a layer of security, anonymity, or to bypass restrictions or filters. Proxies can be used to access websites, services, or other resources on the Internet. They can also be used to route traffic from one network to another.